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LITERATURE

  • DuraTop® und DuraFlow — Inert Covering Material and Pressure Drop-Reducer

    DuraTop® and DuraFlow are used for the covering of catalyst and catalyst carriers (Duranit® inert balls) and are applied to the upper ball layers. In addition, it is possible to apply the two Pressure Drop-Reducer at different levels of the catalyst support bed or even to replace the upper spherical layers in an energy-saving manner. DuraTop® and DuraFlow are of course available in different sizes. In addition these products offer the following advantages: - Good pre-distribution ...

  • Driving Catalyst Performance

    Innovation in design: We design our own catalyst carrier utilising our strength of 40 years’ experience in the Ceramics industry. Catalysts are formed using polymer ceramic technology rather than the traditional pressure method, which provides higher intrinsic strength, greater geometric surface area and surface texture. Textured Surface Technology: Texture on the Magcat spherical shape creates a 30% improvement in active surface area, increasing the effective reaction zone ...

  • NAPFINING™ Naphthenic acid removal

    NAPFINING™ technologies were first licensed in 1977 and to date Merichem has granted 78 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM® Contactor achieves reduced capital expenditure and less plant space requirements compared to most treating alternatives, making NAPFINING™ and NAPFINING™ HiTAN the technologies-of-choice. In addition, onstream factor between routine turnarounds is 100% whereas electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are much ...

  • Enabling Power-to-X Transformations

    For efficient efuels and chemicals production. Our strategy is for a world that is cleaner and healthier, today and for future generations. As the chemical industry embarks on its net-zero journey, we will apply our expertise in decarbonisation and circularity to provide enabling solutions.   This fast paced market requires low risk technologies that can be deployed at scale. Feedstock efficiency, low technology risk, and optimised project execution are key for successful ...

  • Caustic tower revamp

    A customer contacted Sulzer to increase capacity while improving the CO2 removal in the existing CO2 absorption column of their ethylene plant. This was the third revamp for this particular column and continued improvements can be hard to find. A proper caustic tower design requires a proper understanding of CO2 absorption with caustic. CO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O Sulzer replaced the conventional random packing with NeXRing and modified the operating parameters to match the ...

  • FCC Main Fractionator Coking

    One common cause for coking is poor vapor distribution. Packing selection in the Slurry P/A section is critical to ensure good distribution and reliable performance. Mellagrid™ combines the performance of Mellapak™ with the robustness of traditional grid. Resists coking and fouling due to its smooth surface and geometrical. Better de-entrainment and separation efficiency than traditional grid. Efficient dissipation of temperature. Excellent mechanical strength.

  • ThruPipe™ flaring piping systems

    ThruPipe™ Scan. What does it do? A ThruPipe™ scan of a pipe is a non invasive method to examine the contents of a pipe and identify any localised fouling and blockage in the line. The power of the ThruPipe™ technology is that the scanning is done online, so real time information is obtained about how the flow through the pipe is performing at that instant. The scan “sees through” the pipe wall so a determination of what is happening inside without the need to shut down ...

  • nViro™ Waste Management Solutions

    Honeywell UOP's nViro technologies integrate waste management with the design of the process unit, producing opportunities for optimization and process improvements. nViro combines UOP's leadership in refining and petrochemical process technologies with UOP Callidus's experience in waste stream management for powerful solutions to cut costs, reduce emissions and turn waste streams into revenue streams. nViro solutions cover a wide range of processes and wastes, providing practical ...

  • Axens hydrocracking

    Axens is an established name in hydrocracking licensing with more than 40 years’ experience in all types of hydrocracking processes. We have a large portfolio of hydroconversion processes, including fixed and ebullated-bed technologies. Our commercial units operate at low, medium and high conversion, and in once through, single-stage recycle and two-stage modes. Our commercial hydrocracker designs can cover a large variety of feedstocks varying from light HGO and LVGO ...

  • LB 476 Level+ the solution for the most challenging processes

    The LB 476 Level+ system adds that little extra to radiometric level measurements, which makes it the perfect system for challenging processes. By using the outstanding implemented compensation functions, level measurement falsifications, e. g. due to gas density fluctuations or due to product build-ups, belong to the past. Compared to the classic radiometric level measurement, LB 476 Level+ enables the storage of two calibration curves and, beyond, the simultaneous monitoring ...

  • Nasty stuff

    Heavy crudes are here to stay. As longs as oil prices remain high, Canadian, Venezuelan, Deep Water Gulf of Mexico, Mexican and other low API gravity crude oils will play an ever more important role in supplying world refineries. And prices promise to remain high because gainsayers notwithstanding, Hubbert was right. A big question is how to handle best these nasty crudes? Do you revamp existing units or invest in new capacity? With refineries now running flat out, the balance ...

  • ELIMINOx™ - flexible combustion promotion with lower NOx emissions

    ELIMINOx™ is Ketjen’s most widely used non-platinum-containing combustion promoter. More than 20 refineries around the world have used it to provide excellent carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation and to control afterburn with significantly lower NOx emissions when compared with traditional platinum promoters. ELIMINOx is used by refineries in the USA to meet the lower NOx emission regulations resulting from consent decree agreements with the United States Environmental Protection ...

  • Float chamber design guide

    More instrumentation professionals trust their operation’s safety and performance to Magnetrol, the market leader in unfailingly reliable mechanical buoyancy liquid level switches. This guide details the design elements that give our external cages the structural integrity demanded of your toughest level control applications. Design Integrity in the Details There’s a reason Magnetrol-tough liquid level switches are the No. 1 brand of mechanical buoyancy instrumentation. ...

  • Optimizing the value of your unloaded catalyst

    The metals contained in spent catalysts offer a valuable follow-on revenue source, but how can you be sure to achieve a fair settlement or receive top dollar? You also need to balance demands of sustainability and lowered environmental impact with ease of recovery and settlement. This webinar gives you an introduction to the precious and base metal management cycle in catalysts and specifically provides you with tips for ensuring a high quality and accurate precious metal settlement, ...

  • Unleash the potential of your Naphtha Steam Cracker

    The global ethylene market grows at 3.0-3.5% annually, which amounts to 6-7 MM MTA increase in demand every year.  Greater than 95% of ethylene is produced using steam cracking. The two of the main feedstocks for steam crackers are naphtha and ethane with each supplying >45% of all ethylene production. Ethane cracking tends to have lower Cash Cost of Production, supply is regional and insufficient to meet the global ethylene demand.  Naphtha cracking has several disadvantages: ...

  • CDU desalter processing with interface control

    In this webinar, you will find out how Tracerco’s advanced multi-phase nucleonic instrumentation can analyse desalter performance and improve crude blending capacity. Discover opportunities to: - Improve environmental impact, compliance and energy usage - Reduce unplanned trips and downtime - Optimise chemical dosing (demulsifiers/neutralisers) - Reduce overhead corrosion, as well as catalyst deactivation in FCC - Improve process control enabling data driven insights With ...

  • An introduction to Sinopec Hydrocracking Technologies

    This webinar gives you an overview and understanding of hydrocracking and its applications, with an emphasis on technologies and catalysts developed by Sinopec and its research arm, Sinopec Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals (Sinopec FRIPP). You will first get an introduction to hydrocracking including feed processing and target output products. Commercial considerations include market share and reference installations such as 40 hydrocracking units designed ...

  • How turbomachinery can support decarbonization

    With the hydrocarbon processing industry’s efforts to decarbonize, hydrogen and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) have further moved into focus as viable alternatives for transforming existing energy markets. Both hydrogen and CO2 provide ample opportunities to be used in hydrocarbon processes either in molecular form or as feedstock. At the same time, the unique physical properties of both hydrogen and CO2 can make them a challenge for process equipment such as ...

  • Technologies to enhance Ethylene production

    In this presentation, three technologies will be introduced. This first is swirling element radiant tube (SERTTM) technology for steam cracking furnaces. In this technology, you will find how heat transfer theory is applied to overcoming the challenges of cracking pyrolysis to meet targets. Successful commercial cases will demonstrate the technical advantages of SERTTM technology. Cracking furnaces with SERTTM technology have longer operating days, lower tube wall temperature ...

  • Steam Cracker recycle processing and product upgrade options

    LPG and light naphtha generated in a refinery complex (from both straight-run and conversion units) are sent to the ethylene cracker as feedstock. There is more i-paraffin than n-paraffin in LPG and light naphtha generated from a hydrocracker and reformer, in particular, i-butane and i-pentane. When cracking i-paraffin and n-paraffin separately in an ethylene cracker, the yield of ethylene and propylene is different; n-paraffin can generate 20wt% of “ethylene + propylene + butadiene” ...

  • Advances in benzene derivatives production

    Xylene and ethylbenzene are important benzene derivatives. In this presentation, you will learn about recent advances in the production process and catalysts of xylene and ethylbenzene. Xylene production is one of the most important aromatic producing processes. You will learn the details of process technology introduction and catalyst features of aromatics transalkylation developed by Sinopec, as well as the process strategies of raw material expansion, Inferior feed tolerance, ...

  • Deep catalytic cracking technology for maximizing the production of chemicals

    Optimization of light olefins (including ethylene, propylene and butene) production has become one of the most competitive options for refiners in the transition. Compared with conventional FCC, FCC technologies which optimized propylene production are helping refiners to restructure their product configuration, from fuel to petrochemical production. You will learn some successful commercial cases, which are aimed to help refiners to select the most suitable and competitive ...

  • Decarbonization with hydrogen solutions

    Demand for hydrogen is expected to increase up to ten-fold by 2050 when multiple industry reports predict 8-24% of the world's final energy demand will be supplied by hydrogen. Hydrogen has a unique ability to address and ˜hard-to-decarbonize' sectors including refining, chemicals, steel, heating, long-haul transport, and long-term power storage and all of which currently produce significant CO2 emissions. To achieve this, hydrogen must be produced with significantly lower carbon ...

  • Enabling circularity via plastics chemical recycling

    Chemical recycling of plastics is an emerging route to supplement mechanical recycling since polymers can be converted into monomer form.  As opposed to mechanical recycling, wherein the polymer properties degrade with each cycle, the monomers can be re-polymerized without any polymer property degradation. Petrochemical and refining operations of the future will include more plastics oil, obtained from chemical recycling, in the feedstock mix to establish circularity in the ...

  • Best Practice: Screening and QC testing of petroleum products and fuels

    Screening and quality control of petroleum products and fuels can be a tedious and expensive process when performed utilizing traditional methods. Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as described in ASTM Guidelines E1655, D8340, and D6122 is a much faster method providing results in just 30 seconds without any solvents and reagents needed. In fact, NIRS has  become the preferred method of numerous producers to quickly quantify key parameters in petrofuels and petrochemicals ...

  • Understanding alarm management standards

    Alarms are an essential layer of protection, enabling industrial facilities to avoid abnormal situations that may put people, the environment, and profits at risk. As such, numerous standards and guidelines exist that can assist organizations in designing, implementing and maintaining alarm systems that comply with regulations. ISA 18.2, EEMUA 191, IEC 62682, API 1167 — how should organizations select these standards and guidelines? How can they be put into practice? Join ...

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